ʻO ke kila kila ʻole ʻia

ʻO ke kila kila ʻole ka paipu ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻāpana ʻāpana, ʻaʻohe hui a puni ke kila kaula.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kila kila maʻemaʻe ʻole: ʻo ka mea mua, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka pā o ka huahana, ʻoi aku ka waiwai a me ka hana, ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka mānoanoa o ka pā, e piʻi nui ke kumukūʻai;ʻO ka lua, ʻo ke kaʻina hana o ka huahana e hoʻoholo i kāna hana i kaupalena ʻia, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pololei o ka paipu kila maʻamau: ʻaʻole i maʻalahi ka wehe ʻana i nā wahi ʻeleʻele. ;ʻO ke kolu, pono e mālama ʻia kona ʻike ʻana a me kona hoʻohua ʻana ma waho.No laila, loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea no ka hana mechanical.

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā paipu kuʻi ʻole ʻia, e like me ke ʻano kemika a me nā waiwai mechanical o nā paipu liʻiliʻi hale, e like me 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 a me 50 kila e hoʻokō me nā ʻōlelo o GB / T699 -88.E nānā ʻia nā paipu hili ʻole i lawe ʻia e like me nā kūlana kūpono i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka ʻaelike.ʻO ka hui kemika o ke kila 09MnV, 16Mn, 15MnV pono e hoʻokō me nā ʻōlelo o GB1591-79.Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka paipu lawe wai, mea kanu boiler, ʻenekinia, mea kanu mīkini.